Hage SR, Jiang T, Berquist SW, Feng J, Metzner W (2013) Ambient noise induces independent shifts in call frequency and amplitude within the Lombard effect in echolocating bats. In: Fenton MB, Grinnell AD, Popper AN (eds) Bat bioacoustics. Grinnell AD, Gould E, Fenton MB (2016) A history of the discovery of echolocation. Grinnell AD (1963b) The neurophysiology of audition in bats: directional localization and binaural interaction. Grinnell AD (1963a) The neurophysiology of audition in bats: intensity and frequency parameteres. Griffin DR, McCue JJG, Grinnell AD (1963) The resistance of bats to jamming. Griffin DR, Grinnell AD (1958) Ability of bats to discriminate echoes from louder noise. Griffin DR (1958) Listening in the dark: the acoustic orientiation of bats and men. Gotze S, Koblitz JC, Denzinger A, Schnitzler HU (2016) No evidence for spectral jamming avoidance in echolocation behavior of foraging pipistrelle bats. Gillam EH, Ulanovsky N, McCracken GF (2007) Rapid jamming avoidance in biosonar. Curr Biol 25:206–211įenton MB, Grinnell AD, Popper AN (eds) (2016) Bat bioacoustics. BMC Evol Biol 13:26Ĭvikel N, Egert Berg K, Levin E, Hurme E, Borissov I, Boonman A, Amichai E, Yovel Y (2015) Bats aggregate to improve prey search but might be impaired when their density becomes too high. Global Ecol Conserv 3:62–71Ĭlare EL, Adams AM, Maya-Simoes AZ, Eger JL, Hebert PD, Fenton MB (2013) Diversification and reproductive isolation: cryptic species in the only New World high-duty cycle bat, Pteronotus parnellii. Adv Study Behav 35:151–209īunkley JP, McClure CJW, Kleist NJ, Francis CD, Barber JR (2015) Anthropogenic noise alters bat activity levels and echolocation calls. J Wildl Manag 77:93–101īrumm H, Slabbekoorn H (2005) Acoustic communication in noise. J Exp Biol 211:106–113īennett VJ, Zurcher AA (2013) When corridors collide: road-related disturbance in commuting bats. Proc Biol Sci 282:20152064īates ME, Stamper SA, Simmons JA (2008) Jamming avoidance response of big brown bats in target detection. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Leningrad)Īmichai E, Blumrosen G, Yovel Y (2015) Calling louder and longer: how bats use biosonar under severe acoustic interference from other bats. (Original in Russian (1970) Echolokatsia v prirode. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem. KeywordsĪirapet’yants ES, Konstantinov AI (1973) Echolocation in animals. Collectively, these studies provide a cohesive framework for understanding the evolution of bat biosonar while also identifying key issues for ensuring their conservation. Field research has investigated the ecological consequences of both natural and anthropogenic noise, identifying the significant threats of noise pollution for bat populations. Lab and field studies have explored how bats respond to noise, focusing especially on behaviors that appear to successfully mitigate its negative effects. Behavioral studies examined the long-term effects of intense noise on bat hearing, revealing that bats were surprisingly resistant to noise-induced hearing deficits at noise levels that cause hearing loss in other mammals. Psychoacoustic studies used noise stimuli to probe mechanistic questions about how the bat’s brain processes and interprets echoes. A variety of different experimental approaches focused on noise have synergistically advanced the study of bat biosonar and acoustic communication. This chapter reviews some of the key discoveries on this topic that have emerged since the first North American Society of Bat Research (NASBR) meeting 50 years ago. Whether a particular noise source affects bats depends upon the acoustic properties of the noise and those of the bat’s pulses as well as whether the bat is roosting, commuting or foraging. Echolocating bats use sounds for both perceiving their surroundings and social communication, which makes bats vulnerable to environmental and anthropogenic noise.
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